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Yamunotri Dham: The Sacred Source of the Yamuna

Yamunotri, Uttarakhand, India

Nestled amidst the Garhwal Himalayas in Uttarkashi district, Uttarakhand, Yamunotri Dham is one of the four sacred sites of the Char Dham Yatra. It holds immense religious significance as the source of the Yamuna River, considered a goddess and a divine sibling of the Ganges. Situated at an elevation of approximately 3,293 meters (10,804 feet) above sea level, Yamunotri offers not only spiritual solace but also breathtaking views of snow-capped peaks, dense forests, and gushing streams. A visit to Yamunotri is a journey that combines devotion, natural beauty, and cultural richness.

Mythological Significance

The Yamuna River is revered as the daughter of the Sun God, Surya, and the sister of Yama, the God of Death. It is believed that bathing in the sacred waters of the Yamuna absolves devotees of their sins and protects them from untimely death. According to mythology, the goddess Yamuna resides in Yamunotri, making it a place of immense spiritual power. Yamunotri is also associated with the sage Asit Muni, who is said to have lived here and bathed daily in the Yamuna and Ganga rivers. Due to his inability to travel to Gangotri in old age, the Yamuna is believed to have appeared at Yamunotri to bless him.

The Yamunotri Temple


The primary attraction of Yamunotri Dham is the Yamunotri Temple, dedicated to Goddess Yamuna. The temple, constructed in the 19th century by Maharani Guleria of Jaipur, stands against the backdrop of the towering Bandarpunch mountain range. Made of granite and reflecting traditional Himalayan architecture, the temple exudes simplicity and sanctity. The idol of Goddess Yamuna, crafted from black marble, is enshrined within the temple. Pilgrims offer prayers, perform rituals, and seek blessings for health, prosperity, and liberation from the cycle of life and death.

  • Surya Kund: This natural hot water spring, with temperatures reaching up to 88°C (190°F), is considered sacred. Pilgrims use the steaming waters of Surya Kund to cook rice and potatoes, which are later offered to the deity and consumed as prasad. The spring is named after Surya, the father of Goddess Yamuna.
  • Divya Shila: A rock pillar located near the temple, Divya Shila is worshipped before entering the main shrine. It symbolizes divine energy and marks the site where the goddess first manifested.

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The Trek to Yamunotri


Reaching Yamunotri involves a trek of approximately 6 kilometers from Janki Chatti, the base camp. The trek is a memorable experience, offering scenic vistas of lush valleys, cascading waterfalls, and snow-clad peaks. For those unable to walk, options like ponies, palanquins, and palkis are available. The path is well-maintained and lined with small shops selling refreshments and religious items. The trek is not just a physical journey but also a spiritual one, as the beauty of nature complements the devotion of pilgrims. The sound of the Yamuna’s gushing waters and the cool mountain breeze add to the serene ambiance.

Bandarpunch Glacier: The Origin of the Yamuna


The Yamuna originates from the Bandarpunch Glacier, located at an altitude of about 4,421 meters (14,505 feet). Though the glacier is not directly accessible to most pilgrims, it remains a vital part of the Yamunotri experience. The melting waters from the glacier form the Yamuna, which flows through the temple and nourishes the plains below. The glacier is surrounded by rugged terrain and towering peaks, making it a haven for adventure enthusiasts and trekkers who wish to explore its pristine beauty.

Flora and Fauna of Yamunotri

Gangotri is a part of the Gangotri National Park, which spans over 2,390 square kilometers. The park is home to diverse flora and fauna, including Himalayan cedar, spruce, musk deer, snow leopards, and the elusive red fox.
The Bhagirathi River, with its turquoise waters, complements the surrounding snow-clad peaks and verdant valleys, making Gangotri a haven for photographers and nature lovers.

How to Reach Gangotri

Reaching Gangotri involves a combination of road travel and trekking, depending on the starting point.

  • Air By:

    Nearest Airport: Jolly Grant Airport, Dehradun

    Distance: Approximately 210 kilometers from Yamunotri

    Connectivity: Regular flights connect Jolly Grant Airport to major cities like Delhi, Mumbai, and Bangalore.

    From the airport: Taxis and buses are available to reach towns like Barkot, Hanuman Chatti, or Janki Chatti, the base for the trek to Yamunotri.

  • By Rail:

    Nearest Railway Station: Dehradun Railway Station

    Distance: Approximately 175 kilometers from Yamunotri.

    Connectivity: Dehradun is well-connected to cities like Delhi, Kolkata, and Varanasi.

    From the station: Buses and taxis are available to reach Barkot or Janki Chatti.

  • By Road: Yamunotri is accessible via motorable roads up to Janki Chatti, the last road head. From there, a 6-kilometer trek leads to Yamunotri Dham. Major Starting Points: Dehradun: 175 km Rishikesh: 200 km Haridwar: 225 km State and Private Buses: Regular buses operate from Dehradun, Haridwar, and Rishikesh to Barkot, a key town on the route to Yamunotri. From Barkot, shared jeeps or taxis can take you to Janki Chatti.

Preserving Yamunotri’s Heritage

With the increasing number of pilgrims visiting Yamunotri each year, efforts are being made to preserve the region’s natural and cultural heritage. Eco-friendly practices, waste management initiatives, and the promotion of responsible tourism are encouraged to minimize the environmental impact of tourism. Visitors are urged to respect the sanctity of the place by avoiding littering, conserving water, and adhering to local guidelines. These efforts ensure that Yamunotri remains a pristine and spiritual haven for future generations.

Best Time to Visit Yamunorti


Yamunotri remains accessible to pilgrims only during the summer months, from late April to early November, when the temple opens for darshan. The best time to visit is between May and June or September and October, when the weather is pleasant, and the region is free from heavy monsoon rains. During the winter months, Yamunotri experiences heavy snowfall, and the temple remains closed. The idol of Goddess Yamuna is moved to the nearby village of Kharsali, where it is worshipped until the temple reopens in spring.

Some Important Links, You Might Want To Visit.

  1. First thing first, you need to learn How to register for Char Dham Yatra
  2. Discover all about the Himalayan Char Dham Yatra.
  3. All you need to know about Uttarakhand.
  4. Follow this useful article for Packing Tips For Uttarakhand.
  5. Learn more about the Things to Do and Don't do during Char Dham Yatra

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Facts About Devbhumi Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand Destination Expert: Devbhumi Tourism
Area 53,483 sq km
Density 189/km2
Census 10,116,752
Capital Dehradun
State Animal Alpine Musk Deer
State Flower Brahm Kamal
State Bird Himalayan Monal
Languages Kumaoni, Garhwali, Hindi, & English
Rivers Ganges, Yamuna, Saraswati, Alaknanda, Mandakini, Bhilangana, Pindar, Ramganga, Kosi, Sarayu, & Dhauliganga
National Parks Jim Corbett NP, Rajaji NP, Nanda Devi NP, Gangotri NP, & Valley Of Flowers NP

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